@article {487,
	title = {Limited effectiveness of marine protected areas: imposex in Hexaplex trunculus (Gastropoda, Muricidae) populations from Italian marine reserves},
	journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2004},
	abstract = {<p>This study aims to provide further information about the current extent  of imposex in H. trunculus along the coasts of Italy and to evaluate the  current situation of organotin impact inside Italian MPAs (CAPO  RIZZUTO, CINQUE TERRE, ISOLE CICLOPI, ISOLE DI VENTOTENE E S. STEFANO,  ISOLE PELAGIE, ISOLE TREMITI, MIRAMARE, PORTO CESAREO, PORTOFINO, PUNTA  CAMPANELLA, TAVOLARA, TORRE GUACETO, USTICA). Approximately 40 adult  specimens of H. trunculus (\&gt;4 cm) were collected by snorkeling and  SCUBA diving from no-take and no-access zones (integral protection or A  Zone) of 13 Italian MPAs (Fig. 1). This study has demonstrated the  spread of imposex in H. truculus affecting populations from all the  considered locations. Imposex was recorded in all the populations and,  in eight out of 13 MPAs investigated, all females were recorded to  exhibit imposex (though at different levels).</p>},
	keywords = {Adriatic Sea, Campanella, Capo Rizzuto, Ciclopi, coastal use, coastal zone, Di ventotene e stefano, effectiveness, gastropoda, Hexaplex trunculus, impact, invertebrate, island, Italy, Ligurian Sea, marine protected area, Miramare, Pelagie, pollution, population, Porto Cesareo, Portofino, protected area, protection, protection effectiveness, scuba-diving, Tavolara, Torre Guaceto, Tremiti, tributyltin, Ustica, western Mediterranean},
	author = {A. Terlizzi and S. Geraci and M. Faimali and F. Garaventa and A-L. Delos}
}
