@proceedings {496,
	title = {Need of specific measures to protect the dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) in the Italian coastal water - a pilot study in the Portofino MPA (Ligurian Sea)},
	journal = {2nd Symposium on Mediterranean Groupers},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {Francour,P.; Gratiot,J.},
	address = {Nice},
	abstract = {<p>The dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) is one of the most important  flagship species of the Mediterranean rocky coastal habitats. The area  of the Portofino Promontory was appreciated from the {\textquoteright}50ties, at the  beginning of the scuba diving activities, for the abundance of this  species. Visual Census data was collected applying the transect  technique. On the whole, 288 VCs within the MPA{\textquoteright}s waters allowed to  record 92 specimens of dusky grouper while only two were censed during  the 96 VCs done out of the MPA boundaries. Recorded data shows the  positive effect of the MPA for the dusky grouper, clear 2002 (only three  years after the Portofino MPA{\textquoteright}s institution). No relevant differences  in abundances were registered respect the level of protection within the  MPA{\textquoteright}s waters.This study stresses the relevance of a specific action  plan to protect dusky grouper at Italian and Mediterranean levels,  asking for the identification of specific management tools based on the  experience of the French moratorium.</p>},
	keywords = {action plan, boundary, census, coastal water, dusky, Epinephelus marginatus, habitat, Italy, Ligurian Sea, management, management tool, marine protected area, Mediterranean sea, Portofino, protected area, protection, reserve effect, scuba-diving, serranidae, transects, visual census, western Mediterranean, zoning},
	author = {L. Tunesi and A. Molinari}
}
